Emerging Intracellular Electrical Phenomena: Implications for Paradigm Shifts in Biological Chemistry Research

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Summary of the article  The human body depends on electrical charges for many biological processes, including brain activity and nerve impulses. Previously, it was believed that cellular membranes were necessary to create an electrical charge imbalance. However, recent research from Stanford University has shown that a similar electrical imbalance can exist between microdroplets of water and air. Now, researchers from Duke University have discovered that these types of electric fields also exist within and around biological condensates, a type of cellular structure. These structures form compartments inside the cell without needing the physical boundary of a membrane. The researchers discovered that when environmental conditions are right, a previously unknown phenomenon occurs in these biological condensates, which creates a redox reaction that produces tiny amounts of hydrogen peroxide. This discovery could change the way researchers think about biological chemistry and provide a clu

LONELINESS:- Causes, Health consequences and best cure

 

 What is loneliness?

Loneliness is most often defined as the condition of being alone, but rather than being alone or being in solitidute, it is a mental state, the state in which you want to make contact but end up feeling alone no matter you make contacts or not. People who are lonely experience empty, lonely, and unwelcome feelings. People who are lonely frequently want for human interaction, yet their mental state makes making friends more challenging.



Sometimes people feels lonely even when they are in the large crowd of people and sometimes they even don't need anyone with them not to be lonely. So being or not being with someone don't makes people feel lonely. Actually it is  the state of mind in which one part of mind want to be in isolation and other part want to stay connected with people and the person ends up staying isolated that is becomes lonely.



People who are lonely experience empty, alone, and unwanted. People who are lonely frequently want for human interaction, yet their mental state makes making friends more challenging.



What causes loneliness?

Situational aspects like physical isolation, relocation, and divorce are contributing elements to loneliness. Feelings of loneliness can also result from the loss of a significant someone in a person's life. Additionally, it might be a sign of a mental illness like depression. People with depression frequently retreat socially, which might result in isolation. Loneliness may also contribute to the symptoms of depression, according to research.



Internal problems like low self-esteem can also contribute to loneliness. People who lack self-assurance frequently think they are unworthy of other people's attention or respect, which can result in exclusion and long-term loneliness. A role for personality variables is also possible. For instance, introverts can be less prone to create and seek out social contacts, which can add to feelings of loneliness and seclusion.



Poor performing, socially discriminated, financially, academically or socially weak people 

Some research shows that academically, physically and financially strong group of students shows dominance over the comparatively weak students and bully them. This small act of fun may lead the weak ones to lonleyness then to the state of depression and finally they may commit suicide if the same act continue. Several such cases are reported every years. Same thing happens in social groups as well where a particular family or a small group of people are dominated on the basis of certain standard and most of the people being dominated or their young ones lives a lonely life in that society.


Relocated people  may feel lonely because they miss their native culture.

 According to studies, this effect can be particularly potent for students from Asian nations with a strong communal ethos who attend universities in more individualistic English-speaking nations.(It is considered better to leave the country for further study after completing undergraduate or post-graduation than after completing intermediate. Cuz by then they have become mature and can adopt themselves in new culture better so the chance of being lonely reduces.) Another theory that culture contributes to loneliness is that it may have done so ever since the Enlightenment began to favor individualism over more traditional communal norms.



Not having meaning connection provides aid to being lonely

 For many people, their families of origin did not provide the ties based on trust necessary to create a reference that endures throughout one's lifetime and even in memory after a loved one has passed away. This may be brought on by parental methods, cultural practices, mental health conditions, such as personality disorders, and dysfunctional family situations. There is also occasionally religious rejection. Individuals may find it difficult or impossible to appreciate themselves, recognize who they are, and relate to others as a result.


The typical medical or psychological counsel that advises to go meet friends, relatives, and to socialize overlooks all these aspects as well as many more. This isn't always achievable when there isn't somebody around to relate to and when connecting without the necessary abilities and information is difficult. Due to repeated struggles, setbacks, or rejections brought on by a lack of interpersonal skills, a person may eventually get disheartened or acquire apathy.


Finding new means to link individuals with one other is a challenge, especially at a time when a lot of people's attention is focused on electronic gadgets, as loneliness rates rise yearly among people of all ages and notably among the elderly, with documented harmful medical and psychological implications.


Breakup or Divorce or demise of close ones

When a relationship ends or someone you love passes away, loneliness is a normal, though frequently brief, side effect. A person would often experience a sorrow reaction after losing a major person in their life; in this case, even when surrounded by others, they may feel lonely. When people move away for employment or school, their social networks might be disrupted, which can sometimes lead to loneliness and homesickness.


Situational lonleyness 

Loneliness can result from a variety of circumstances and occurrences, especially when certain personality traits are present for those who are prone. For instance, if they live somewhere with a low population density and fewer people to interact with, an outgoing person who is extremely social is more likely to feel lonely. Even situations that may be anticipated to end loneliness, such as having a child (if there is severe postpartum depression) or getting married, can sometimes make it worse (especially if the marriage turns out to be unstable, overly disruptive to previous relationships, or emotionally cold.) In addition to being influenced by outside circumstances, pre-existing mental health issues like persistent depression and anxiety can make loneliness worse.


Internal lonleyness 

Being alone does not necessarily result in loneliness. The person feels lonely because they believe they are alone. People who feel less alone than their peers are those who have low self-worth and self-esteem. Personality traits, locus of control, mental discomfort, low self-esteem, a sense of shame or worthlessness, and inadequate coping mechanisms are causes of this kind of loneliness.



Health consequences of being lonely 

It is widely acknowledged that loneliness frequently has a negative impact on wellbeing and can lead to despair, suicidal thoughts, trouble sleeping, changes in eating, and other issues. The pathological effects of loneliness, such as excessive alcohol use, loss of self-esteem, extreme forms of anxiety, powerlessness, and stress, are more common in people who develop personality and adaption issues. Because loneliness negatively affects the immunological, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems, it also predisposes a person to physical illnesses. Chronic, overwhelming, and widespread loneliness causes stress, which in turn leads to serious physical illness. Being alone and experiencing loneliness were discovered to be separate predictors of motor deterioration in old age.


After controlling for depression, it was discovered that loneliness was a separate predictor of mortality and functional impairment. Additionally, it causes learning and memory problems, increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease, and impairs memory. According to a Dutch study, people who experience loneliness are more likely to develop clinical dementia over the course of three years than people who do not.


These are not the only ways that loneliness has a negative impact. Adults who are lonely, for instance, exercise less than those who are not lonely. They consume more fat in their diet, sleep less soundly, and complain of more daily weariness. Additionally, loneliness interferes with the body's ability to regulate certain cellular processes, which makes lonely persons more likely to age prematurely.


How can lonleyness be prevented ?

According to statistics, loneliness is on the rise, especially among younger generations. One 2019 poll found that 25% of adults between the ages of 18 and 27 said they have no close friends and 22% said they had no friends at all.

A small group of close friends can prevent loneliness and lessen the detrimental effects on one's health that come with it. According to research, having genuine face-to-face interactions with friends might increase one's sense of wellbeing.

Quality relationships are the key to fight lonleyness, so spending a quality time with the family and a group of close friends or relatives can be of great help. Lonely people prefer solitidute so if any of your friends or family member or relatives are showing the signs of being lonely, you better go to them and help them open up. 

Lonely people are mostly pessimistic, so they see rejections and failures in every situation. So Instead of expecting rejection, as lonely individuals frequently do, try to concentrate on having good attitudes and thoughts in your social interactions. And help other develop this positive state of mind.

Family gathering or the friends get-togethers are very hard to attend for lonely individuals. Try attending then, it will be hard in the beginning but will be easy once you start. If some of your friends is feeling very hard to join them then encourage them to join you rather than bullying them.


The suicide cases and depression cases are increasing are the rapid pace. And loneliness is the early stage of these conditions, and we can prevent the huge accidents just by our small act of kindness.  So be a good human being and help everyone whom you can help. A small act of help from you can change someone else's life entirely.


Share love , live happily

                                                         ~aMoM




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